Who Was Thutmose III & How Did He Figure in the Story of Baby Moses?

royal sculpture, dyn18, Thutmose III, Deir el-Bahari, NK

“Thutmose III (variously also spelt Tuthmosis or Thothmes), sometimes called Thutmose the Great,[3] was the sixth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty. Officially, Thutmose III ruled Egypt for almost 54 years and his reign is usually dated from 28 April 1479 BC to 11 March 1425 BC, from the age of two and until his death at age fifty-six; however, during the first 22 years of his reign, he was coregent with his stepmother and aunt, Hatshepsut, who was named the pharaoh. While he was shown first on surviving monuments, both were assigned the usual royal names and insignia and neither is given any obvious seniority over the other.[4] Thutmose served as the head of Hatshepsut’s armies. During the final two years of his reign, he appointed his son and successor, Amenhotep II, as his junior co-regent. His firstborn son and heir to the throne, Amenemhat, predeceased Thutmose III. He would become one of the most powerful pharaohs of the 18th dynasty.

“Becoming the sole ruling pharaoh of the kingdom after the deaths of Thutmose II and Hatshepsut, he created the largest empire Egypt had ever seen; no fewer than 17 campaigns were conducted and he conquered lands from Syria to Upper Nubia.

When Thutmose III died, he was buried in the Valley of the Kings, as were the rest of the kings from this period in Egypt. He is regarded, along with Ramesses II the Great, as one of the two most powerful and celebrated rulers of the New Kingdom Period of Ancient Egypt, itself considered the height of Egyptian power.[5]” Wikipedia

The pharaoh who used slaves to build near Goshen may have been Thutmose.

“In any event, the Biblical date of 1446 b.c. [date of the Exodus] accords well with the death of the famous conqueror Thutmose III, whose reign is assigned to 1504-1450.”

Chronology of the Old Testament – Encyclopedia of the Bible – Bible Gateway. www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Chronology-Old-Testament.

The Princess who saved Baby Moses may have been Hatshepsut – who was both the stepmother and aunt of Thutmose III.

Amenhotep II may have been the pharaoh of the Exodus. He was Thutmose’s son.

“The length of Thutmose III’s reign is known to the day thanks to information found in the tomb of the military commander Amenemheb-Mahu.[13] Amenemheb-Mahu records Thutmose III’s death to his master’s 54th regnal year,[14] on the 30th day of the third month of Peret.[15] The day of Thutmose III’s accession is known to be I Shemu day four, and astronomical observations can be used to establish the exact dates of the beginning and end of the king’s reign (assuming the low chronology) from 28 April 1479 BC to 11 March 1425 BC respectively.[16]” Wikipedia

“Much is known about Thutmose “the warrior” not only because of his military achievements, but also because of his royal scribe and army commander, Thanuny, who wrote about his conquests and reign. Thutmose III was able to conquer such a large number of lands because of revolutionary developments in military technology. The Hyksos may have brought advanced weaponry, such as horse-drawn chariots, around 1650 BC. In the process of driving them out, the people of Egypt learned to use these weapons. Thutmose III encountered little resistance from neighbouring kingdoms, allowing him to expand his realm of influence easily. His army also carried boats on dry land.[23]” Wikipedia

Hatshepsut died in 1458 b.c.

“…Hatshepsut died on the 10th day of the sixth month of Thutmose III’s 21st year….” Wikipedia

“When Thutmose II died, Thutmose III was too young to rule. Hatshepsut became his regent, soon his co-regent, and shortly thereafter declared herself to be the pharaoh while never denying kingship to Thutmose III. Thutmosis III had little power over the empire while Hatshepsut exercised the formal titulary of kingship. Her rule was quite prosperous and marked by great advancements. When Thutmose III reached a suitable age and demonstrated the capability, she appointed him to head her armies. ” Wikipedia

“He is consistently regarded as one of the greatest of Egypt’s warrior pharaohs who transformed Egypt into an international superpower by creating an empire that stretched from the Asian regions of Syria to the North, to Upper Nubia to the south.[19][20]

Campaigns Against Syria

[In 1450 b.c.]

” In Thutmose’s 29th year, he began his fifth campaign, where he first took an unknown city (the name falls in a lacuna) which had been garrisoned by Tunip.[41] He then moved inland and took the city and territory around Ardata;[42] the town was pillaged and the wheatfields burned. Unlike previous plundering raids, Thutmose III garrisoned the area known as Djahy, which is probably a reference to southern Syria.[34] This permitted him to ship supplies and troops between Syria and Egypt. Although there is no direct evidence for it, it is for this reason that some have supposed that Thutmose’s sixth campaign, in his thirtieth year, commenced with a naval transportation of troops directly to Byblos, bypassing Canaan entirely.[42] After the troops arrived in Syria by whatever means, they proceeded into the Jordan River valley and moved north, pillaging Kadesh’s lands.[43] Turning west again, Thutmose took Simyra and quelled a rebellion in Ardata, which apparently had rebelled again.[44] To stop such rebellions, Thutmose began taking hostages from the cities in Syria. The policy of these cities was driven by their elites, aligned to Mitanni and typically consisting of a king and a small number of foreign Maryannu. Thutmose III found that by taking family members of these key people to Egypt as hostages, he could drastically increase their loyalty to him.[43] Syria rebelled again in Thutmose’s 31st year [1448 b.c.] and he returned to Syria for his seventh campaign, took the port city of Ullaza[43] and the smaller Phoenician ports[44] and took more measures to prevent further rebellions.[43] All the excess grain which was produced in Syria was stored in the harbors he had recently conquered and was used for the support of the military and civilian Egyptian presence ruling Syria.[43] This left the cities in Syria desperately impoverished. With their economies in ruins, they had no means of funding a rebellion.[45]   Wikipedia

[I’m speculating about this, but Moses’s Exodus from Egypt 1446 b.c. Did Israel’s famine have to do with Thutmose III?]


Depiction of Syrians bringing presents to Tuthmosis III [Thutmose], in the tomb of Rekhmire, circa 1400 BC (actual painting and interpretational drawing). They are labeled “Chiefs of Retjenu”.[46][47]